These are formed by the slow deposition of Karstic Limestone. The river Gosthani flows over the surface of these caves and the water percolates through the surface dissolving limestone with it. The formations that form from the roof of the caves are called stalactites and those which form on the floor are called stalagmites. At an average these structures take as long as 1500 years to form and some can date back to the age of the cave itself.
My trip to the Borra Caves in Visakhapatnam was a great adventure. I enjoyed every moment, every formation and every view of the valley beneath the caves. I intend to come back to these caves and explore even more, its dark secrets.